For nesting, bees always choose the best place to protect themselves from enemy attacks, not too hot by the hot sun, get enough fresh air flow, and free from cold and rain splashed water. Places in nature that many bees are inhabited cavities in trees, rock cavities, caves, attics and cracks in the walls. Nest comes with air path.
A. Situation and Cultivation Locations Conditions
The initial step apiculture has two basic requirements, namely the bee family and their breeding places.The successful maintenance of honey bee is closely associated with the ideal habitat, which is a suitable place or season, the availability of flowering plants as nectar sources, as well as a source of food, drink, and nests. Thus, the decision to cultivate honey bees have adapted to space, situation, and time.
1. Air temperatures are influenced
As mentioned previously, relatively insect bee. Insects are cold-blooded animals. Activities of life is strongly influenced by the air temperature in the surrounding environment. Temperatures that are too cold or too hot can kill the entire colony. In order to survive, bees have to maintain the temperature inside the nest in order to steady warmth.If the weather is cold, they are grouped in sekililing queen bees and keep 'moving', making muscles berkontraks and react very quickly, thus increasing the temperature of the nest. They make the way open for air flow. In the middle of the nest temperature is 35oC. On the outer edge of the hive cooler.If hot air, waving their tiny wings makes the air flow to cool the hive. On the hottest days, the soothing bee hive premises bring water into it.In subtropical regions with four seasons, cropping activities must be tailored to the nature of the four seasons. In tropical regions have two seasons, rainy and dry season activities should also be adjusted with the second season.At temperatures less than 10 ° C wing veins weak, so that bees can not fly. At a temperature of 5 ° C bees can not run. Circumstances of his life was already on the verge of death. At temperatures above 10 ° C, bees become active. Increasing activities in tune with the rise in temperature. They also began to fly. At a temperature of 33-35oC began actively laying queen bees and worker bees make nests active. Temperatures as hot as it maintained its stability with a variety of unique activities.The air temperature in Indonesia averaging around 26oC in the lowlands, up to peak at 33-37oC for coastal areas. This temperature is not experiencing a sharp distinction between day and night. Palm beach area much suitable for beekeeping.In the high mountain areas above 1,000 m asl. (From sea level), the average temperature of about 20oC. Activities of bees living here is not as active in the lowlands.
2. High-value early slow start
One of the requirements that must be owned by the honey bees are bred to be high-value properties. Possess high value means that bees can be optimally adapted to the food source, can develop a perfect diving grazing, has a docile temperament and bred easy despite its place in a densely populated residential neighborhood, and do not like to run away.
3. Harmony with the environment
Another requirement that must also be held to be bred bees is to have harmony with nature environment. The point is concerned bees can be adapted to the climate and vegetation cycle plant, easily herded, could join with the other colonies, and high endurance life evolved that some colonies remain separated, as well as immunity to interference of high predator.Place the colonies in the location that is safe, comfortable, free hot sun, and not exposed to rain and wind. Placement in groups of about 50 colonies that within 3 km or 20-25 if the colony is 2.5 km.There are two ways to put the honey bee. Increment, all nest is placed in a covered place with a distance of 100 cm antarsarang. Second, each nest is placed in garden with a roof mounted permanent. The second way is better than the first way, because each nest stand alone.Each colony set lined with inlet opposite direction, or the direction but remain inlet box enclosure diberik paint every row as follows: white, black, yellow, blue, black, white, blue, yellow: black, blue, white, yellow , blue, and so on.